// A simple example of strings in C
// Illustrates:
// declaration of strings
// strings are array of characters
// strings are zero-terminated
// formatted output and format specifiers %s, %c, %d
//
// Compile: gcc simplestrings.c
// Run: a.out
// Optional Compile: gcc -o simplestrings simplestrings.c
// Optional Run: simplestrings
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
// Declare a string. Notice the location of the []
char aStr[] = "ABC";
// Print the format string, substituting value of aStr for %s
// \n is an escape sequence that prints a newline character
printf("String variable: '%s'\n", aStr);
// Print the characters of array aStr as individual characters
printf("First character: '%c'\n", aStr[0]);
printf("Second character: '%c'\n", aStr[1]);
printf("Third character: '%c'\n", aStr[2]);
// Now print the characters of the array aStr using a loop
// Also print value of index i (%d prints a decimal)
int i;
for (i=0; i < 3; i++)
{
printf("Character %d: '%c'\n", i, aStr[i]);
}
printf("\n"); // Print a blank line
// Strings are zero-terminated
i = 0;
while (aStr[i] != 0) // Notice the ending condition
{
printf("Character %d: '%c'\n", i, aStr[i]);
i++;
}
}
/* Output:
String variable: 'ABC'
First character: 'A'
Second character: 'B'
Third character: 'C'
Character 0: 'A'
Character 1: 'B'
Character 2: 'C'
Character 0: 'A'
Character 1: 'B'
Character 2: 'C'
*/