GEOL 472
ENVIRONMENTAL AQUEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY
GEOL 472. Environmental Aqueous Geochemistry
Three hours lecture (3).
Prerequisites: CHEM 101 and CHEM 102, GEOL 212 (Mineralogy), mathematics through trigonometry, or consent of instructor. General computer literacy will be expected and required for success in the course.
This course investigates the principles which determine the chemical quality of surface and subsurface waters in the environment and application of these principles to solving of environmental and engineering problems. Emphasis is on the interactions between waters (both pristine and polluted) and their geologic setting. Use of quantitative solution methods including computer modeling is generously incorporated.
The course deals with the concepts and application of multiphase chemical equilibrium as a descriptor of "expected" water chemistry. General principles of equilibrium chemistry are reviewed with elaboration on those points of particular interest in the study of natural and pollution-impaired waters. A number of especially important equilibrium reactions are treated in detail.
In addition, the kinetic considerations which determine the validity of equilibrium assumptions are discussed along with factors affecting reaction rates in natural environments.
Specific topics addressed include:
1) Oxidation/reduction reactions including specific discussions of the more important reactions in natural waters
2) Acid-base reaction chemistry including specific discussions of the more important reactions in natural waters
3) Common pollutants and pollutant types and the chemistry surrounding their presence and fate
4) Carbonate equilibria and their importance in controlling conditions in many hydrogeologic settings
5) Adsorption-desorption reactions including cation exchange and organic immobilization
6) Mineral-water equilibria and weathering
Geochemical computer modeling is introduced early in the course, and use of accepted models are incorporated as learning aids and for developing applied skills throughout the course.
A considerable portion of the course is lecture-based with corresponding readings and homework assignments. A central text is used, but special topic readings from scientific journals, consulting reports, and geologic investigations are also assigned and discussed. A number of specific case studies are presented to demonstrate the function of the practicing professional in addressing water quality concerns.
Use of industry standard computer software is a central component of assignments, and simulation solutions are used in class to demonstrate the theoretical principles discussed. For some simple situations, manual solutions will be compared with computer solutions to insure recognition and appreciation of the role of computer simulation as a tool.
The goals of this course are to help the student develop:
1) a clear understanding of the environmental factors controlling the chemical characteristics of polluted and pristine waters.
2) reasonable expectations of the natural chemical condition of waters in various settings and knowledge of the possible causes and effects of human-induced changes in the chemical condition of water in these settings
3) analytical capacity to estimate chemical characteristics of waters based on knowledge of environmental conditions and geologic setting and the capacity to effectively present analysis findings and supporting information
4) an appreciation and understanding of the value of applied aqueous geochemistry in dealing with environmental problems and some of the possible functions of practicing professionals in the field
5) a working knowledge of various tools available to aid in the analysis of aqueous geochemical problems such as graphical analysis methods and chemical equilibrium computer models
Progress toward attainment of the goals of the course will be evaluated based on 2 - 3 examinations, written homework assignments, and computer projects. Evaluation of assignments will emphasize demonstration of conceptual understanding, use of appropriate methods, and clarity and professionalism of presentation of method and results.
Relevant References:
Date Action Reviewed
September 2001 Reviewed and Approved Stephen W. Lenhart, Chair