A CONSTITUTION FOR THE FEDERATION OF EARTH

(As amended at the Fourth World Constituent Assembly, Troi, Portugal, 1991)

PREAMBLE    

Realizing that Humanity today has come to a turning point in history and that we are on the threshold of an new world order which promises to usher in an era of peace, prosperity, justice and harmony;

Aware of the interdependence of people, nations and all life;

Aware that man's abuse of science and technology has brought Humanity to the brink of disaster through the production of horrendous weaponry of mass destruction and to the brink of ecological and social catastrophe;

Aware that the traditional concept of security through military defense is a total illusion both for the present and for the future;

Aware of the misery and conflicts caused by ever increasing disparity between rich and poor;

Conscious of our obligation to posterity to save Humanity from imminent and total annihilation;

Conscious that Humanity is One despite the existence of diverse nations, races, creeds, ideologies and cultures and that the principle of unity in diversity is the basis for a new age when war shall be outlawed and peace prevail; when the earth's total resources shall be equitably used for human welfare; and when basic human rights and responsibilities shall be shared by all without discrimination;

Conscious of the inescapable reality that the greatest hope for the survival of life on earth is the establishment of a democratic world government;

We, citizens of the world, hereby resolve to establish a world federation to be governed in accordance with this constitution for the Federation of Earth.

 

A CONSTITUTION FOR THE FEDERATION OF EARTH

 

Article 1 ‑ Broad Functions of the World Government

The broad functions of the Federation of Earth shall be:

1.  To prevent war, secure disarmament, and resolve territorial and other disputes which endanger peace and human rights.

2.  To protect universal human rights, including life, liberty, security, democracy, and equal opportunities in life.

3.  To obtain for all people on earth the conditions required for equitable economic and social development and for diminishing social differences.

4.  To regulate world trade, communications, transportation, currency, standards, use of world resources, and other global and international processes.

5.  To protect the environment and the ecological fabric of life from all sources of damage, and to control technological innovations whose effects transcend national boundaries, for the purpose of keeping Earth a safe, healthy and happy home for humanity .

6.  To devise and implement solutions to all problems which are beyond the capacity of national governments, or which are now or may become of global or international concern or consequence.

 

Article 2 ‑ Basic Structure of World Federation and World Government

1.  The Federation of Earth shall be organized as a universal federation, to include all nations and all people, and to encompass all oceans, seas and lands of Earth, inclusive of non‑self governing territories, together with the surrounding atmosphere.

2.  The World Government for the Federation of Earth shall be non‑military and shall be democratic in its own structure, with ultimate sovereignty residing in all the people who live on Earth.

3.  The authority and powers granted to the World Government shall be limited to those defined in this Constitution for the Federation of Earth, applicable to problems and affairs which transcend national boundaries, leaving to national governments jurisdiction over the internal affairs of the respective nations but consistent with the authority of the World Government to protect universal human rights as defined in this World Constitution.

4.  The basic direct electoral and administrative units of the World Government shall be World Electoral and Administrative Districts. A total of not more than 1000 World Electoral and Administrative Districts shall be defined, and shall be nearly equal in population, within the limits of plus or minus ten percent.

5.  Contiguous World Electoral and Administrative Districts shall be combined as may be appropriate to compose a total of twenty World Electoral and Administrative Regions for the following purposes, but not limited thereto: for the election or appointment of certain world government officials; for administrative purposes; for composing various organs of the world government as enumerated in Article IV; for the functioning of the Judiciary, the Enforcement System, and the Ombudsmus, as well as for the functioning of any other organ or agency of the World Government.

6.  The World Electoral and Administrative Regions may be composed of a variable number of World Electoral and Administrative Districts, taking into consideration geographic, cultural, ecological and other factors as well as population.

7.  Contiguous World Electoral and Administrative Regions shall be grouped together in pairs to compose Magna‑Regions.

8.  The boundaries for World Electoral and Administrative Regions shall not cross the boundaries of the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, and shall be common insofar as feasible for the various administrative departments and for the several organs and agencies of the World Government. Boundaries for the World Electoral and Administrative Districts as well as for the Regions need not conform to existing national boundaries, but shall conform as far as practicable.

9.  The World Electoral and Administrative Regions shall be grouped to compose at least five Continental Divisions of the Earth, for the election or appointment of certain world government officials, and for certain aspects of the composition and functioning of the several organs and agencies of the World Government as specified hereinafter. The boundaries of Continental Divisions shall not cross existing national boundaries as far as practicable. Continental Divisions may be composed of a variable number of World Electoral and Administrative Regions.

 

Article 3 ‑ Organs of the World Government

The organs of the World Government shall be:

1.  The World Parliament.

2.  The World Executive.

3.  The World Administration.

4.  The Integrative Complex.

5.  The World Judiciary.

6.  The Enforcement System.

7.  The World Ombudsmus.

 

Article 4 ‑ Grant of Specific Powers to the World Government

The powers of the World government to be exercised through its several organs and agencies shall comprise the following:

1.  Prevent wars and armed conflicts among the nations, regions, districts, parts and peoples of Earth.

2.  Supervise disarmament and prevent re‑armament; prohibit and eliminate the design, testing, manufacture, sale, purchase, use and possession of weapons of mass destruction, and prohibit or regulate all lethal weapons which the World Parliament may decide.

3.  Prohibit incitement to war, and discrimination against or defamation of conscientious objectors.

4.  Provide the means for peaceful and just solutions of disputes and conflicts among or between nations, peoples, and/or other components within the Federation of Earth.

5.  Supervise boundary settlements and conduct plebiscites as needed.

6.  Define the boundaries for the districts, regions and divisions which are established for electoral, administrative, judicial and other purposes of the World Government.

7.  Define and regulate procedures for the nomination and election of the members of each House of the World Parliament, and for the nomination, election, appointment and employment of all World Government officials and personnel.

8.  Codify world laws, including the body of international law developed prior to adoption of the world constitution, but not inconsistent therewith, and which is approved by the World Parliament.

9.  Establish universal standards for weights, measurements, accounting and records.

10.  Provide assistance in the event of large scale calamities, including drought, famine, pestilence, flood, earthquake, hurricane, ecological disruptions and other disasters.

11.  Guarantee and enforce the civil liberties and the basic human rights which are defined in the Bill of Rights for the Citizens of Earth which is made a part of this World Constitution under Article 12.

12.  Define standards and promote the worldwide improvement in working conditions, nutrition, health, housing, human settlements, environmental conditions, education, economic security, and other conditions defined under Article 13 of this World Constitution.

13.  Regulate and supervise international transportation, communications, postal services, and migrations of people.

14.  Regulate and supervise supra‑national trade, industry, corporations, businesses, cartels, professional services, labor supply, finances, investments and insurance.

15.  Secure and supervise the elimination of tariffs and other trade barriers among nations, but with provisions to prevent or minimize hardship for those previously protected by tariffs.

16.  Raise the revenues and funds, by direct and/or indirect means, which are necessary for the purposes and activities of the World Government.

17.  Establish and operate world financial, banking, credit and insurance institutions designed to serve human needs; establish, issue and regulate world currency, credit and exchange.

18.  Plan for and regulate the development, use, conservation and re‑cycling of the natural resources of Earth as the common heritage of Humanity; protect the environment in every way for the benefit of both present and future generations.

19.  Create and operate a World Economic Development Organization to serve equitably the needs of all nations and people included within the World Federation.

20.  Develop and implement solutions to transnational problems of food supply, agricultural production, soil fertility, soil conservation, pest control, diet, nutrition, drugs and poisons, and the disposal of toxic wastes.

21.  Develop and implement means to control population growth in relation to the life‑support capacities of Earth, and solve problems of population distribution.

22.  Develop, protect, regulate and conserve the water supplies of Earth; develop, operate and/or coordinate transnational irrigation and other water supply and control projects; assure equitable allocation of trans‑ national water supplies, and protect against adverse trans‑national effects of water or moisture diversion or weather control projects within national boundaries.

23.  Own, administer and supervise the development and conservation of the oceans and sea‑beds of Earth and all resources thereof, and protect from damage.

24.  Protect from damage, and control and supervise the uses of the atmosphere of Earth.

25.  Conduct inter‑planetary and cosmic explorations and research; have exclusive jurisdiction over the Moon and over all satellites launched from Earth.

26.  Establish, operate and/or coordinate global air lines, ocean transport systems, international railways and highways, global communication systems, and means for interplanetary travel and communications; control and administer vital waterways.

27.  Develop, operate and/or coordinate transnational power systems, or networks of small units, integrating into the systems or networks power derived from the sun, wind, water, tides, heat differentials, magnetic forces, and any other source of safe, ecologically sound and continuing energy supply.

28.  Control the mining, production, transportation and use of fossil sources of energy to the extent necessary to reduce and prevent damages to the environment and the ecology, as well as to prevent conflicts and conserve supplies for sustained use by succeeding generations.

29.  Exercise exclusive jurisdiction and control over nuclear energy research and testing and nuclear power production, including the right to prohibit any form of testing or production considered hazardous.

30.  Place under world controls essential natural resources which may be limited or unevenly distributed about the Earth. Find and implement ways to reduce wastes and find ways to minimize disparities when development or production is insufficient to supply everybody with all that may be needed.

31.  Provide for the examination and assessment of technological innovations which are or may be of supranational consequence, to determine possible hazards or perils to humanity or the environment; institute such controls and regulations of technology as may be found necessary to prevent or correct widespread hazards or perils to human health and welfare.

32.  Carry out intensive programs to develop safe alternatives to any technology or technological processes which may be hazardous to the environment, the ecological system, or human health and welfare.

33.  Resolve supra‑national problems caused by gross disparities in technological development or capability, capital formation, availability of natural resources, educational opportunity, economic opportunity, and wage and price differentials. Assist the processes of technology transfer under conditions which safeguard human welfare and the environment and contribute to minimizing disparities.

34.  Intervene under procedures to be defined by the World Parliament in cases of either intra‑state violence and intra‑state problems which seriously affect world peace or universal human rights.

35.  Develop a world university system. Obtain the correction of prejudicial communicative materials which cause misunderstandings or conflicts due to differences of race, religion, sex, national origin or affiliation.36.  Organize, coordinate and/or administer a voluntary, non‑military World Service Corps, to carry out a wide variety of projects designed to serve human welfare.

37.  Designate as may be found desirable an official world language or official world languages.

38.  Establish and operate a system of world parks, wild life preserves, natural places, and wilderness areas.

39.  Define and establish procedures for initiative and referendum by the Citizens of Earth on matters of supra‑national legislation not prohibited by this World Constitution.40.  Establish such departments, bureaus, commissions, institutes, corporations, administrations, or agencies as may by needed to carry out any and all of the functions and powers of the World Government.

41.  Serve the needs of humanity in any and all ways which are now, or may prove in the future to be, beyond the capacity of national and local governments.

 

Article 5 ‑ The World Parliament

 

                 Sec. A ‑ Functions and Powers of the World Parliament

The functions and powers of the World Parliament shall comprise the following:

1.  To prepare and enact detailed legislation in all areas of authority and jurisdiction granted to the World Government under Article IV of this World Constitution.

2.  To amend or repeal world laws as may be found necessary or desirable.

3.  To approve, amend or reject the international laws developed prior to the advent of World Government, and to codify and integrate the system of world law and world legislation under the World Government.

4.  To establish such regulations and directions as may be needed, consistent with this world constitution, for the proper functioning of all organs, branches, departments, bureaus, commissions, institutes, agencies or parts of the World Government.

5.  To review, amend and give final approval to each budget for the World Government, as submitted by the World Executive; to devise the specific means for directly raising funds needed to fulfill the budget, including taxes, licenses, fees, globally accounted social and public costs which must be added into the prices for goods and services, loans and credit advances, and any other appropriate means; and to appropriate and allocate funds for all operations and functions of the World Government in accordance with approved budgets, but subject to the right of the Parliament to revise any appropriation not yet spent or contractually committed.

6.  To create, alter, abolish or consolidate the departments, bureaus, commissions, institutes, agencies or other parts of the World Government as may be needed for the best functioning of the several organs of the World Government, subject to the specific provisions of this World Constitution.

7.  To approve the appointments of the heads of all major departments, commissions, offices, agencies and other parts of the several organs of the World Government, except those chosen by electoral or civil service procedures.

8.  To remove from office for cause any member of the World Executive, and any elective or appointive head of any organ, department, office, agency or other part of the World Government, subject to the specific provisions in this World Constitution concerning specific offices.

9.  To define and revise the boundaries of the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, the World Electoral and Administrative Regions and Magna Regions, and the Continental Divisions.

10.  To schedule the implementation of those provisions of the World Constitution which require implementation by stages during the several stages of Provisional World Government, First Operative Stage of World Government, Second Operative Stage of World Government, and Full Operative Stage of World Government, as defined in Articles XVII and XIX of this World Constitution.

11.  To plan and schedule the implementation of those provisions of the World Constitution which may require a period of years to be accomplished.

Sec. B ‑ Composition of the World Parliament

1.  The World Parliament shall be composed of three houses, designated as follows:

                 a.  The House of Peoples, to represent the people of Earth directly and equally;

                  b.  The House of Nations, to represent the nations which are joined together in the Federation of Earth; and

                  c.  A House of Counselors with particular functions to represent the highest good and best interests of humanity as a whole.

2.  All members of the World Parliament, regardless of House, shall be designated as Members of the World Parliament.

Sec. C ‑ The House of Peoples

1.  The House of Peoples shall be composed of the peoples delegates directly elected in proportion to population from the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, as defined in Article 2‑4.

2.  Peoples delegates shall be elected by universal adult suffrage, open to all persons of age 18 and above.

3.  One peoples delegate shall be elected from each World Electoral and Administrative District to serve a five year term in the House of Peoples. Peoples delegates may be elected to serve successive terms without limit. Each peoples delegate shall have o ne vote.

4.  A candidate for election to serve as a peoples delegate must be at least 21 years of age, a resident for at least one year of the electoral district from which the candidate is seeking election, and shall take a pledge of service to humanity.

Sec. D ‑ The House of Nations

1.  The House of Nations shall be composed of national delegates elected or appointed by procedures to be determined by each national government on the following basis:

a.  One national delegate from each nation of at least 100,000 population, but less than 10,000,000 population.

b.  Two national delegates from each nation of at least 10,000,000 population, but less than 100,000,000 population.

c.  Three national delegates from each nation of 100,000,000 population or more.

2.  Nations of less than 100,000 population may join in groups with other nations for purposes of representation in the House of Nations.

3.  National delegates shall be elected or appointed to serve for terms of five years, and may be elected or appointed to serve successive terms without limit. Each national delegate shall have one vote.

4.  Any person to serve as a national delegate shall be a citizen for at least two years of the nation to be represented, must be at least 21 years of age, and shall take a pledge of service to humanity.

 

Sec. E ‑ The House of Counselors

1.  The House of Counselors shall be composed of 200 counselors chosen in equal numbers from nominations submitted from the twenty World Electoral and Administrative Regions, as defined in Article II‑5 and II‑6, ten from each Region.

2.  Nominations for members of the House of Counselors shall be made by the teachers and students of universities and colleges and of scientific academies and institutes within each world electoral and administrative region. Nominees may be persons who are off campus in any walk of life as well as on campus.

3.  Nominees to the House of Counselors from each World Electoral and Administrative Region shall, by vote taken among themselves, reduce the number of nominees to no less than two times and no more than three times the number to be elected.

4.  Nominees to serve as members of the House of Counselors must be at least 25 years of age, and shall take a pledge of service to humanity. There shall be no residence requirement, and a nominee need not be a resident of the region from which nominated or elected.5.  The members of the House of Counselors from each region shall be elected by the members of the other two houses of the World Parliament from the particular region.

6.  Counselors shall be elected to serve terms of ten years. One‑half of the members of the House of Counselors shall be elected every five years. Counselors may serve successive terms without limit. Each Counselor shall have one vote.

Sec. F ‑ Procedures of the World Parliament

1.  Each house of the World Parliament during its first session after general elections shall elect a panel of five chairpersons from among its own members, one from each of five Continental Divisions. The chairpersons shall rotate annually so that each will serve for one year as chief presiding officer, while the other four serve as vice‑chairpersons.

2.  The panels of Chairpersons from each House shall meet together, as needed, for the purpose of coordinating the work of the Houses of the World Parliament, both severally and jointly.

3.  Any legislative measure or action may be initiated in either House of Peoples or House of Nations or both concurrently, and shall become effective when passed by a simple majority vote of both the House of Peoples and of the House of Nations, except in those cases where an absolute majority vote or other voting majority is specified in this World Constitution.

4.  In case of deadlock on a measure initiated in either the House of Peoples or House of Nations, the measure shall then automatically go to the House of Counselors for decision by simple majority vote of the House of Counselors, except in the cases where other majority vote is required in this World Constitution. Any measure may be referred for decision to the House of Counselors by a concurrent vote of the other two houses.

5.  The House of Counselors may initiate any legislative measure, which shall then be submitted to the other two houses and must be passed by simple majority vote of both the House of Peoples and House of Nations to become effective, unless other voting majority is required by some provision of this World Constitution.

6.  The House of Counselors may introduce an opinion or resolution on any measure pending before either of the other two houses; either of the other houses may request the opinion of the House of Counselors before acting upon a measure.

7.  Each house of the World Parliament shall adopt its own detailed rules of procedure, which shall by consistent with the procedures set forth in this World Constitution, and which shall be designed to facilitate coordinated functioning of the three houses.

8.  Approval of appointments by the World Parliament or any house thereof shall require simple majority votes, while removals for cause shall require absolute majority votes.

9.  After the full operative stage of World Government is declared, general elections for members of the World Parliament to the House of Peoples shall be held every five years. The first general elections shall be held within the first two years following the declaration of the full operative stage of World Government.

10.  Until the full operative stage of World Government is declared, elections for members of the World Parliament to the House of Peoples may be conducted whenever feasible in relation to the campaign for ratification of this World Constitution.

11.  Regular sessions of the House of Peoples and House of Nations of the World Parliament shall convene on the second Monday of January of each and every Year.

12.  Each nation, according to its own procedures, shall appoint or elect members of the World Parliament to the House of Nations at least thirty days prior to the date for convening the World Parliament in January.

13.  The House of Peoples together with the House of Nations shall elect the members of the World Parliament to the House of Counselors during the month of January after the general elections. For its first session after general elections, the House of Counselors shall convene on the second Monday of March, and thereafter concurrently with the other two houses.

14.  Bi‑elections to fill vacancies shall be held within three months from occurrence of the vacancy or vacancies.

15.  The World Parliament shall remain in session for a minimum of nine months of each year. One or two breaks may be taken during each year, at times and for durations to be decided by simple majority vote of the House of Peoples and House of Nations sitting jointly.

16.  Annual salaries for members of the World Parliament of all three houses shall be the same, except for those who serve also as members of the Presidium and of the Executive Cabinet.

17.  Salary schedules for members of the World Parliament and for members of the Presidium and of the Executive Cabinet shall be determined by the World Parliament.

 

Article 6 ‑ The World Executive

 

                 Sec. A Functions and Powers of the World Executive

1.  To implement the basic system of world law as defined in the World Constitution and in the codified system of world law after approval by the World Parliament.

2.  To implement legislation enacted by the World Parliament.

3.  To propose and recommend legislation for enactment by the World Parliament.

4.  To convene the World Parliament in special sessions when necessary.

5.  To supervise the World Administration and the Integrative Complex and all of the departments, bureaus, offices, institutes and agencies thereof.

6.  To nominate, select and remove the heads of various organs, branches, departments, bureaus, offices, commissions, institutes, agencies and other parts of the World Government, in accordance with the provisions of this World Constitution and as specified in measures enacted by the World Parliament.

7.  To prepare and submit annually to the World Parliament a comprehensive budget for the operations of the World Government, and to prepare and submit periodically budget projections over periods of several years.

8.  To define and propose priorities for world legislation and budgetary allocations.

9.  To be held accountable to the World Parliament for the expenditures of appropriations made by the World Parliament in accordance with approved and longer term budgets, subject to revisions approved by the World Parliament.

Sec. B Composition of the World Executive

The World Executive shall consist of a Presidium of five members, and of an Executive Cabinet of from twenty to thirty members, all of whom shall be members of the World Parliament.

Sec. C The Presidium

1.  The Presidium shall be composed of five members, one to be designated as President and the other four to be designated as Vice Presidents. Each member of the Presidium shall be from a different Continental Division.

2.  The Presidency of the Presidium shall rotate each year, with each member in turn to serve as President, while the other four serve as Vice Presidents. The order of rotation shall be decided by the Presidium.

3.  The decisions of the Presidium shall be taken collectively, on the basis of majority decisions.

4.  Each member of the Presidium shall be a member of the World Parliament, either elected to the House of Peoples or to the House of Counselors, or appointed or elected to the House of Nations.

5.  Nominations for the Presidium shall be made by the House of Counselors. The number of nominees shall be from two to three times the number to be elected. No more than one‑third of the nominees shall be from the House of Counselors or from the House of Nations, and nominees must be included from all Continental Divisions.

6.  From among the nominees submitted by the House of Counselors, the Presidium shall be elected by vote of the combined membership of all three houses of the World Parliament in joint session. A plurality vote equal to at least 40 percent of the total membership of the World Parliament shall be required for the election of each member to the Presidium, with successive elimination votes taken as necessary until the required plurality is achieved.

7.  Members of the Presidium may be removed for cause, either individually or collectively, by an absolute majority vote of the combined membership of the three houses of the World Parliament in joint session.

8.  The term of office for the Presidium shall be five years and shall run concurrently with the terms of office for the members as Members of the World Parliament, except that at the end of each five year period, the Presidium members in office shall continue to serve until the new Presidium for the succeeding term is elected. Membership in the Presidium shall be limited to two consecutive terms.

Sec. D The Executive Cabinet

1.  The Executive Cabinet shall be composed of from twenty to thirty members, with at least one member from each of the ten World Electoral and Administrative Magna Regions of the world.

2.  All members of the Executive Cabinet shall be Members of the World Parliament.

3.  There shall be no more than two members of the Executive Cabinet from any single nation of the World Federation. There may be only one member of the Executive Cabinet from a nation from which a Member of the World Parliament is serving as a member of the Presidium.

4.  Each member of the Executive Cabinet shall serve as the head of a department or agency of the World Administration or Integrative Complex, and in this capacity shall be designated as Minister of the particular department or agency.

5.  Nominations for members of the Executive Cabinet shall be made by the Presidium, taking into consideration the various functions which Executive Cabinets members are to perform. The Presidium shall nominate no more than two times the number to be elected.

6.  The Executive Cabinet shall be elected by simple majority vote of the combined membership of all three houses of the World Parliament in joint session.

7.  Members of the Executive Cabinet either individually or collectively may be removed for cause by an absolute majority vote of the combined membership of all three houses of the World Parliament sitting in joint session.

8.  The term of office in the Executive Cabinet shall be five years, and shall run concurrently with the terms of office for the members as Members of the World Parliament, except that at the end of each five year period, the Cabinet members in office s hall continue to serve until the new Executive Cabinet for the succeeding term is elected. Membership in the Executive Cabinet shall be limited to three consecutive terms, regardless of change in ministerial position.

Sec. E Procedures of the World Executive

1.  The Presidium shall assign the ministerial positions among the Cabinet members to head the several administrative departments and major agencies of the Administration and of the Integrative Complex. Each Vice President may also serve as a Minister to head an administrative department, but not the President. Ministerial positions may be changed at the discretion of the Presidium. A Cabinet member or Vice President may hold more than one ministerial post, but no more than three, providing that no Cabinet member is without a Ministerial post.

2.  The Presidium, in consultation with the Executive Cabinet, shall prepare and present to the World Parliament near the beginning of each year a proposed program of world legislation. The Presidium may propose other legislation during the year.

3.  The Presidium, in consultation with the Executive Cabinet, and in consultation with the World Financial Administration, (see Article VIII, Sec. G‑1‑i) shall be responsible for preparing and submitting to the World Parliament the proposed annual budget, and budgetary projections over periods of years.

4.  Each Cabinet Member and Vice President as Minister of a particular department or agency shall prepare an annual report for the particular department or agency, to be submitted both to the Presidium and to the World Parliament.

5.  The members of the Presidium and of the Executive Cabinet at all times shall be responsible both individually and collectively to the World Parliament.

6.  Vacancies occurring at any time in the World Executive shall be filled within sixty days by nomination and election in the same manner as specified for filling the offices originally.

Sec. F   Limitations on the World Executive

 

1.  The World Executive shall not at any time alter, suspend, abridge, infringe or otherwise violate any provision of this World Constitution or any legislation or world law enacted or approved by the World Parliament in accordance with the provisions of this World Constitution.

2.  The World Executive shall not have veto power over any legislation passed by the World Parliament.

3.  The World Executive may not dissolve the World Parliament or any House of the World Parliament.

4.  The World Executive may not act contrary to decisions of the World Courts.

5.  The World Executive shall be bound to faithfully execute all legislation passed by the World Parliament in accordance with the provisions of this World Constitution, and may not impound or refuse to spend funds appropriated by the World Parliament, nor spend more funds than are appropriated by the World Parliament.

6.  The World Executive may not transcend or contradict the decisions or controls of the World Parliament, the World Judiciary or the Provisions of this World Constitution by any device of executive order or executive privilege or emergency declaration or decree.

 

Article 7 ‑ The World Administration

 

              Sec. A ‑ Functions of the World Administration

 

1.  The World Administration shall be organized to carry out the detailed and continuous administration and implementation of world legislation and world law.

2.  The World Administration shall be under the direction of the World Executive, and shall at all times be responsible to the World Executive.

3.  The World Administration shall be organized so as to give professional continuity to the work of administration and implementation.

Sec. B ‑ Structure and Procedures of the World Administration

1.  The World Administration shall be composed of professionally organized departments and other agencies in all areas of activity requiring continuity of administration and implementation by the World Government.

2.  Each Department or major agency of the World Administration shall be headed by a Minister who shall be either a member of the Executive Cabinet or a Vice President of the Presidium.

3.  Each Department or major agency of the World Administration shall have as chief of staff a Senior Administrator, who shall assist the Minister and supervise the detailed work of the Department or agency.

4.  Each Senior Administrator shall be nominated by the Minister of the particular Department or agency from among persons in the senior lists of the World Civil Service Administration, as soon as senior lists have been established by the World Civil Service Administration, and shall be confirmed by the Presidium. Temporary qualified appointments shall be made by the Ministers, with confirmation by the Presidium, pending establishment of the senior lists.

5.  There shall be a Secretary General of the World Administration, who shall be nominated by the Presidium and confirmed by absolute majority vote of the entire Executive Cabinet.

6.  The functions and responsibilities of the Secretary General of the World Administration shall be to assist in coordinating the work of the Senior Administrators of the several Departments and agencies of the World Administration. The Secretary General shall at all times be subject to the direction of the Presidium, and shall be directly responsible to the Presidium.

7.  The employment of any Senior Administrator and of the Secretary General may be terminated for cause by absolute majority vote of both the Executive Cabinet and Presidium combined, but not contrary to civil service rules which protect tenure on grounds of competence.

8.  Each Minister of a Department or agency of the World Administration, being also a Member of the World Parliament, shall provide continuous liaison between the particular Department or agency and the World Parliament, shall respond at any time to any questions or requests for information from the Parliament, including committees of any House of the World Parliament.

9.  The Presidium, in cooperation with the particular Ministers in each case, shall be responsible for the original organization of each of the Departments and major agencies of the World Administration.

10.  The assignment of legislative measures, constitutional provisions and areas of world law to particular Departments and agencies for administration and implementation shall be done by the Presidium in consultation with the Executive Cabinet and Secretary General, unless specifically provided in legislation passed by the World Parliament.

11.  The Presidium, in consultation with the Executive Cabinet, may propose the creation of other departments and agencies to have ministerial status; and may propose the alteration, combination or termination of existing Departments and agencies of ministerial status as may seem necessary or desirable. Any such creation, alteration, combination or termination shall require a simple majority vote of approval of the three houses of the World Parliament in joint session.

12.  The World Parliament by absolute majority vote of the three houses in joint session may specify the creation of new departments or agencies of ministerial status in the World Administration, or may direct the World Executive to alter, combine, or terminate existing departments or agencies of ministerial status.

13.  The Presidium and the World Executive may not create, establish or maintain any administrative or executive department or agency for the purpose of circumventing control by the World Parliament.

 

Sec. C ‑ Departments of the World Administration

Among the Departments and agencies of the World Administration of ministerial status, but not limited thereto and subject to combinations and to changes in descriptive terminology, shall be those listed under this Section. Each major area of administration shall be headed by a Cabinet Minister and a Senior Administrator, or by a Vice President and a Senior Administrator.

1.   Disarmament and War Prevention.

2.   Population.

3.   Food and Agriculture.

4.   Water Supplies and Waterways.

5.   Health and Nutrition.

6.   Education.

7.   Cultural Diversity and the Arts.

8.   Habitat and Settlements.

9.   Environment and Ecology.

10.  World Resources.

11.  Oceans and Seabeds.

12.  Atmosphere and Space.

13.  Energy.

14.  Science and Technology.

15.  Genetic Research and Engineering.

16.  Labor and Income.

17.  Economic and Social Development.

18.  Commerce and Industry.

19.  Transportation and Travel.

20.  Multi‑National Corporations.

21.  Communications and Information.

22.  Human Rights.

23.  Distributive Justice.

24.  World Service Corps.

25.  World Territories, Capitals and Parks.

26.  Exterior Relations.

27.  Democratic Procedures.

28.  Revenue.

 

Article 8 ‑ The Integrative Complex

 

                   Sec. A ‑ Definition

1.  Certain administrative, research, planning and facilitative agencies of the World Government which are particularly essential for the satisfactory functioning of all or most aspects of the World Government, shall be designated as the Integrative Complex. The Integrative Complex shall include the agencies listed under this Section, with the proviso that other such agencies may be added upon recommendation of the Presidium followed by decision of the World Parliament.

a.  The World Civil Service Administration.

b.  The World Boundaries and Elections Administration.

c.  The Institute on Governmental Procedures and World Problems.

d.  The Agency for Research and Planning.

e.  The Agency for Technological and Environmental Assessment.

f.  The World Financial Administration.

g.  Commission for Legislative Review.

2.  Each agency of the Integrative Complex shall be headed by a Cabinet Minister and a Senior Administrator, or by a Vice President and a Senior Administrator, together with a Commission as provided hereunder. The rules of procedure for each agency shall be decided by majority decision of the Commission members together with the Administrator and the Minister or Vice President.

3.  The World Parliament may at any time define further the responsibilities, functioning and organization of the several agencies of the Integrative Complex, consistent with the provisions of Article VIII and other provisions of the World Constitution.

4.  Each agency of the Integrative Complex shall make an annual report to the World Parliament and to the Presidium.

 

                  Sec. B ‑ The World Civil Service Administration

1.  The functions of the World Civil Service Administration shall be the following, but not limited thereto:

a.  To formulate and define standards, qualifications, tests, examinations and salary scales for the personnel of all organs, departments, bureaus, offices, commissions and agencies of the World Government, in conformity with the provisions of this World Constitution and requiring approval by the Presidium and Executive Cabinet, subject to review and approval by the World Parliament.

b.  To establish rosters or lists of competent personnel for all categories of personnel to be appointed or employed in the service of the World Government.

c.  To select and employ upon request by any government organ, department, bureau, office, institute, commission, agency or authorized official, such competent personnel as may be needed and authorized, except for those positions which are made elective or appointive under provisions of the World Constitution or by specific legislation of the World Parliament.

2.  The World Civil Service Administration shall be headed by a ten member commission in addition to the Cabinet Minister or Vice President and Senior Administrator. The Commission shall be composed of one commissioner from each of ten World Electoral and Administrative Magna‑Regions. The persons to serve as Commissioners shall be nominated by the House of Counselors and then appointed by the Presidium for five year terms. Commissioners may serve consecutive terms.

 

Sec. C ‑ The World Boundaries and Elections Administration

1.  The functions of the World Boundaries and Elections Administration shall include the following, but not limited thereto:

a.  To define the boundaries for the basic World Electoral and Administrative Districts, the World Electoral and Administrative Regions and Magna‑Regions, and the Continental Divisions, for submission to the World Parliament for approval by legislative action.

b.  To make periodic adjustments every ten or five years, as needed, of the boundaries for the World Electoral and Administrative Districts, the World Electoral and Administrative Regions and Magna‑Regions, and of the Continental Divisions, subject to approval by the World Parliament.

c.  To define the detailed procedures for the nomination and election of Members of the World Parliament to the House of Peoples and to the House of Counselors, subject to approval by the World Parliament.

d.  To conduct the elections for Members of the World Parliament to the House of Peoples and to the House of Counselors.

e.  Before each World Parliamentary Election, to prepare Voters' Information Booklets which shall summarize major current public issues, and shall list each candidate for elective office together with standard information about each candidate, and give space for each candidate to state his or her views on the defined major issues as well as on any other major issue of choice; to include information on any initiatives or referendums which are to be voted upon; to distribute the Voter's Information Booklets for each World Electoral District, or suitable group of Districts; and to obtain the advice of the Institute on Governmental Procedures and World Problems, the Agency for Research and Planning, and the Agency for Technological and Environmental Assessment in preparing the booklets.

f.  To define the rules for world political parties, subject to approval by the World Parliament, and subject to review and recommendations of the World Ombudsmus.

g.  To define the detailed procedures for legislative initiative and referendum by the Citizens of Earth, and to conduct voting on supra‑ national or global initiatives and referendums in conjunction with world parliamentary elections.

h.