vii additional pages: ix - x; xi - xii
Contents
Preface
xiii
PART I: Myths, Theories, and Research
Chapter 1
Masculinity and Femininity: Myths and Stereotypes 00
Sex Stereotypes
2
Sex or Gender: More Than a Question of Terminology?
5
“Sugar and Spice” or “Snips and Snails”: The Content of Gender Stereotypes
6
Beyond Personality Traits: The Many Faces of Gender Stereotypes
12
Different and Unequal? The Evaluative Aspects of Gender Stereotypes
17
Gender and Other Stereotypes: Race/Ethnicity, Class, Age, Appearance,
Sexual Orientation, Disability
26
The Process of Stereotyping
39
How Gender Stereotypes and Prejudice Affect Us
43
Gender Stereotypes and the Research Process
47
Summary
53
Key Terms
54
Chapter 2
Theoretical Perspectives on Sex and Gender
55
Early Theories About Sex and Gender
56
Psychoanalytic/Identification Theories
58
Social Structure/Cultural Theories of Gender
73
Evolutionary Theories of Gender
77
Biosocial Model
83 |
viii Contents
Social Learning Theory/Social Cognitive Theory
86
Cognitive Theories
89
Social Interaction Process Theories
94
Perspectives on Difference
101
Summary
102
Key Terms
103
Chapter 3
Researching Sex and Gender:
Exploring the Whys and Hows 105
Asking Questions About Gender: Science and the Search for Truth
106
What Differences and Similarities Exist: Methods for Comparing the Sexes
108
Why Gender Differences Exist: Nature, Nurture, and the Interactionist Position
123
Biases and Pitfalls: Problems Encountered in the Study of Sex and Gender 128
Science and Androcentrism
141
A Transformational Psychology of Gender?
154
Summary
146
Key Terms
147
PART II: Behavior & Experience:
Female—Male Similarities and Differences
Chapter 4
Worlds Apart?
Gender Differences in Social Behavior and Experience 148
Now You See It, Now You Don’t: Gender Differences in Context
150
Gender Differences in Social Behavior: A Sampling of Current Findings
151
What Happened to the Differences?
169
Summary
175
Key Terms
176
[ continue ........ pages: ix - x ; xi - xii ] |