// A simple example of strings in C
// Illustrates: 
//      How strcpy does not check the size of the destination
//      Getting desired results is somewhat dependent on string sizes
//
// Compile: gcc copystrings.c
// Run: a.out  (or a.exe on windows)
// Optional Compile: gcc -o copystrings copystrings.c
// Optional Run: copystrings

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>  // Library with strcpy

int main()
{
    // Local variables are allocated from high to low addresses
    //
    char sourceStr[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP"; 
    char fillerStr[] = "QRS"; 
    int i = 0;
    char destStr[] = "TUV"; 

    printf("String variable sourceStr: '%s'\n", sourceStr);
    printf("String variable fillerStr: '%s'\n", fillerStr);
    printf("int variable i as dec and str: %d, '%s'\n", i, &i);
    printf("String variable destStr: '%s'\n", destStr);
    printf("addr: source, filler, dest: %x, %x, %x\n", sourceStr, fillerStr, destStr);
    printf("\n");

    // No checks of size
    strcpy(destStr, sourceStr);   // Copying the string

    printf("String variable sourceStr: '%s'\n", sourceStr);
    printf("String variable fillerStr: '%s'\n", fillerStr);
     printf("int variable i as dec and str: %d, '%s'\n", i, &i);
    printf("String variable destStr: '%s'\n", destStr);

    printf("addr: source, filler, dest: %x, %x, %x\n", sourceStr, fillerStr, destStr);
}

/* Output (when run on rucs):
String variable sourceStr: 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP'
String variable fillerStr: 'QRS'
int variable i as dec and str: 0, ''
String variable destStr: 'TUV'
addr: source, filler, dest: bfe9c04f, bfe9c04b, bfe9c040

String variable sourceStr: 'P'
String variable fillerStr: 'LMNOP'
int variable i as dec and str: 1212630597, 'EFGHIJKLMNOP'
String variable destStr: 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP'
addr: source, filler, dest: bfe9c04f, bfe9c04b, bfe9c040
*/